Shock absorber



Dec. 8, 1925. E. L. LEINBACH SHOCK ABSORBER Filed Nov. 24, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 in i1 42 1 0 4g Patented Dec. 8, 1925.

UNIT i EDW'ARD L. LE INZBACH,

STATES or entrance, ILLINOIS.

SHOCK ABSORBER.

Application filed November 24, 1924. Serial No. 751,880.

T 0 all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, EDWARD L. LEINBACH, a citizen oft-he United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shock Absorbers, of which the following is a'specification.

This invention relates to improvements in shock absorbers particularly adapted, though not necessarily limited in its use, for controlling the action of supporting springs of vehicles and especially for the purpose of retarding or modifying the action of the springs when they are subjected to violent shocks and rebounds due to obstructions and irregularities in the road bed;

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved shock absorber of this character which will permit the vehicle springs to have. a limited degree of free movement under normal conditions and during which time the shock absorber will be inactive with respect to modifying or retarding the spring action, but which will quickly and automatically be rendered active by the slightest abnormal condition.

A further object is to provide an im proved shock absorber of this character in which the parts will be completely housed and protected.

To the attainment of these ends and the accomplishment of other new and useful objects as will appear, the invention consists in the features of novelty in substan tially the construction, combination and arrangement of the several parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed and shown in the accompanying drawings illustrating this invention, and in which Figure 1 is a view inside elevation of a shock absorber of this character constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention, and with a portion of the casing or housing removed.

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2. Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on line 33, Figure 2. I V

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 1 of another form of the invention.

Figure 5 is a perspective View of a (leta-il.

Referring more particularly to the drawings the numerals and 11 designate concentrically arranged drum like members, the member 10 forming a housing for the operating parts of the absorber.

The member 11 is anchored to a suitable fixed support and held against rotation in any suitable manner such as by means of a bolt or trunnion 12 to which the member '10 is secured, preferably by means of a key 13. The bolt or trunnion 12 is connected with a bracket or support 14 by one'end, through the medium of a .nut or collar 15 threaded upon the extremity thereof, and which nut or collar co-operates with a shouldered portion 16 on the bolt or trunnion. A nut 17 may be provided on the other end of the trunnion to permit the removal of the member 11 when desired.

The member 11 is of a diameter somewhat smaller than the internal diameter of the member 10 to form a. space therebetween and the member 10 is mounted upon the trunnion 12 for free rotation. Arranged within the space between the outer periphery of the member 1.1 and the inner periphery of the member 10 is a friction creating member 18 which is constructed of any'suit able material od partially encompasses the periphery of the member 11. and of the friction creating member 18 terminate short of each other, and secured to one face of the member 18 is a resilient band 21, constructed of any suitable material. so as to re-enforce the member '18 and I assist in imparting resiliency thereto.

The friction element thus formed is adapted for free floating movement between the members 10 and 11, that is the resiliency of the element 18 is such that it will create a friction between the element and the inner face of the outer member 10 to move bodily with the outer member 10 when the latter is rotated in either direction with respect to the inner member 11.

Secured to or forming a part of the member 11 is a lug or projection 29which stands within the space formed between the ends 19 and 20 of the friction creating element 18; the ends of the re-enforcing member 21 also terminate adjacent the respective ends 19 and 20. of the member 18.

This lug or projection 22 is held stationary inasmuch as it is connected with the The ends 19 free movement so as not to retard or modify the action of the spring of the vehicle, during which movementthe element 18 will be carried forwardly and baclrwartlly with the member 10.

i-Vhenthe member is rotated in on anticlockwise direction sufiiciently to cause the end of the element 18 to engage the lug or projection22, the floating; or bodily movement of the element 18 with the member 10 will be ilFl'GStiRi and further move ment of the member 10 in the smne'direction will cause the element 18 to be cro pended to increase the friction between the element 18 and the member 10, thereby retorcling or modifying the action'oii the spring of the vehicle member 10 is rotated in the opposite or in n clockwise direction the element 18 will be carried with the memberlG until the end 1:) of the element 18 contacts with the projection 2 and this will release the friction between the ele-- ment l8 and the member 10, and allow the element 18 to contract sufiiciently to permit a free movement of the member 10.

Any suitable means may be provided for rotating the member 10, such as a flexible member or strap 23 which is anchored by one extremity as at 24: to the periphery of the member 10 and passes around. the periphery of the member 10. The free entlv of the flexible strap 23 may be anchored to any suitable portion of the vehicle.

A spring 25 is coiled about the hub 26 of the member lOnnd is anchored as at 2? llhen the clrum or to the hub at the inner end of the spring stress is released upon the strep or meni ber'23.

With this construction ittwill be manifest that as the drum 10 is being rotated under the influence of the strap 23, friction will be applied to retard or modify the relatives movement of the drums or members 10 and 11 and consecl uently the action of the spring of the 'veliio e, Whenthe ports of the re hicle, the motion of which it is desired to retard or modify, are being separated.

When however, the parts of the vehicle are being moved. toward each other and the stress upon the strap 23 is being releeseol menses the drum 10 will be rotated by the spring 25 and at the some time the friction of the element 18 will. be relieved.

lilo-operating with the friction elen'lent 18 is sspring 29, one end of which is anchored as at 30 to the hub "36 of the member ill. The other curl of the spring engages :i member 31 which is contacted as at with the element 18 :uljncent the em. 15) thereof, and this spring; 29 QKBE'LS its stress upon the end of the element 18 to cause the element to friction-oily bind the inner periphery of the member '10 to .in-

sure a bodily movement of the element 1b withthe member 10 when the latter is rotntctl. 1 J

The degree of friction orenticl by the spring 29 may be varied in any suitslile manner such as by means of a not or collar 33 threaded upon the member 31 and against which nut or collar 33 one end of the spring 29 rests.

The friction created by the sprii'ig is suiii'cient to yieloingly zn'whor the end if or the element 18:20 as to permit the element 18 to be expanded when the curl '20 thereof contacts. with the lug or projection and this is OCCtlSlOlltXlllj "YB 2180b of the feet that when the end 28.01 the element 18 contacts with the lug 22 and the men'iher 10 is rotated in a clockwise direction, the spring 29 will be distorted sutiiciently to increase the friction between the end. 19 oi the element 18 and the peripherr ot'the. member 10. i

If desired the member 11 may be out sway as at so as not to interfere with the morement or operation ofthe spring 29 anti the member 31.

In the form ot' the invention shown in vlfihqure l, the spring 35 which corresponds with the spring 2? shown in Figure 4, cooperates with the member-53b aiulthis momher cooperates with :1 shoe-like member 37, having a friction creating surface 38. The

'shoe like inembor 37 and the surfzuae 38 thereot' are imlepomhent of the member 11 andjcorrespontls with the big" or projection 22in the form of the invention shown in Figures i and f. In this form of the invention a lug 39 is provided. on the member: 11 to sta iii between the ends 15) and 20 of the element 18.

lVhen the member 10 is rotated in enticlochwise direction the resiliency of the element 18 willcnuse it to more bodily with the member 10 until the end 20 thereof contacts with the lug 39, which latter will resist the bodily movement of the element 18. The shoe or member 37-38 will then en gage the end 19 ot' the element 18 to expend the element and. increase the friction, thereretartling the action of member 10. When the member 10 is rotated in the ongosite or inv a, clooiwise t'tirection, th sielit) ment ltlwill travel with the shoe or member iT--- S. causing the end 20 of the element to' move away from the lug or projection 39, and the element 18 will then conl'izltt. v

The stress of the spring 5-35 upon the shoe or member 3T-3S may be varied by me ns of an adjustable nut or collar -10, agan t which one end of the spring 05 rests.

This form of the invention will also permit ot a limited tree unretarded or unmodified action of the springs of the vehiele.

lVhile the preferred forms of the inven ion have been herein'shown and described, it is to be understood that. various changes may be made in the details of construction .nd in the combination and arrangement of the severalpartsfwithin the scope of the claims. without departing from the spirit of this invention. Y

lVhat is claimed as new is:

1. A shock absorbing device including tw members relatively movable one with relation to the other and spaced from 'each other a floating friction creating element interposed between said members and free for bodily forward and backward movement, said members having a free relative movement in one direction, and means responsive to the relative movement of the said members in the opposite direction for causing said friction creating element to retard the relative movement of the said members in the last recited direction."

2. A shock absorbing device including two members relatively movable one with relation to the other and spaced from each other, a resilient flexible floating friction creating element interposed between .said

"members, said element being bodily and freely movable with respect to said members, said members having a free relative -movement in one direction, and means responsive to the relative movement of the said members in the opposite direction for causing said friction creating element to retard the relative movement or the said members in the last recited direction.

A shock absorbing device including a pair of spaced concentrically arranged members relatively movable, a flexible friction creating element interposed in said space and extending about one of the members, said element' being bodily and freely m0v able with respect to said members, said element permitting a free movement of the members when said members are relatively moved in one direction, and means operating to expand said element to cause ,said element to frictionally retard the-movement of the members when the said members are relatively moved in a direction opposite to the direction of the last recited relative movement. l

tween the members and extending partially about one of the members, said members being freely rotatable in one direction one with relation to the other, and means operativcly' connected with one of the said members and operable'upon the said element when the said members are relatively rotated in another direction, to retard the last recited relative movement of said members. V

A shock absorbing device including concentrically arranged members relatively rotatable, a flexible friction creating element between said members and partially encompassing one of the members, said element being bodily movable with one of the members when the latter is moved in one direction with respect to the other memher to permit'a free relative movement of when the said members are relatively moved in another direction, whereby ,said element will frictionally retard the last recited relative movement of said members.

6. A shock absorbing device including concentrically arranged members relatively rotatable, a flexible friction creating elcment between said members and partially encompassing one of the\m embei ;s, saidclement being bodily movable with one of the members when the latter is moved in one direction with respect to the other member to permit a free relative movement of the members, means engaging one"end otthe said elementto expand said element when the said members are relatively/ moved in another direction, whereby sa/ldelement willfrictionally retard the nan-coma relative movement of said members;means for imparting a relative movement of the mem bars in one direction, and additidiial meai'is for imparting a difierent direction of relative movement to the said members. y

7. A shock absorbing device including a pair of concentrically arranged members relatively movable in a forward and a backward direction, an'open resilient band like friction creating element between the members, and means carrie'dby one of the members and operating between the ends of said element to permit of a limited free idle relative movement of the members, said element being bodily movable with one of the mem: bers when the latter is rotated in onedirec tion, the said means being adapted when the last recited member is moved in the opposite direction to engage one end of said element to expand the latter to increase the degree of friction between said element and ment. of the latter.

bers, means carried in" one oi the members and operating between the ends of said clement to permit of a limited tree idle relative movement of the members. said elcn'ient being bodily movable with one of the nieni-' bers when the-latter rotated in one direction, the said means being adapted when the last recited member is moved in the opposite direction to engage one end of said element to expand the latter to increase the degree of friction between said element and the last recited meinl'icr to retard the movement of the latter, and. additional resilient means operating; upon a portion of the said element, for assisting in irictionally binding said element to one of the said ineinl'iers.

9. i shock absorbing device including; a pair of concentrically arranged members relatively movable in a forward and a back-- ward di ection 'an open resilient band like friction creating: elen'ient betwcen the mom-- hers, means carried by one of the members and operatin between the ends of said element to permit of a limited free idle relative movement of the members, said element being bodily movable with one of the members when the latter is rotated in one direction, the said means being adapted when the last recited member is moved in the op posits direction to engage one end of said element to expand the latter to increase the degree of friction between said element and the iast recited member to retard the movement of the latter, additional resilient means operating upon a portion of the said element for assisting in frictionally binding said element to one of the said n'ieinbers,

and means for varying: at will the stress oi.

the said additional resilient means.

10. A. shock absorber ncluding concen- 7 tricallji arrangeiil-drum like members, an

open band like element disposed between the members, means connected with one of the members: and operating in the space be tween the ends of the said element, and means for causing the said element to bodily travel with one of the said members when the latter is moved in one direction, the first said means being adapted'to engage one end of the said element to expand the latter to trictionally retard the relative n'io'vement of the said members, the second. recitedmeans cooperating with the other end. of the said element to restrain the movement of the last recited end of the element while the said element is being expanded. v

11. A. shock absorber including concentrically arranged dram like members, an

members and operating in the space between the ends ot-tiic said elemenh'and means for car ing the said element to bodily travel with one of the said members when thelatter is moved in one direction, the first. said means beingadapted to engage one end of the said element to expand the latter to irictionaliy retard the relative movement of the said members, the second rer'rited means cooperating with the other end of the said element to restrain the movement of the last. recited end of the element while the said element is being empandedi the second recited means including a friction creating device for causing a portion ot the said element to frictionall grip one oi the said members.

127 i shock absorber including concentricall arranged drum like members an In ien hand like element disposed. between the inciniwrs:v means coin-iectwl with one of the members and operating in the space between the ends of the id. elemem,1neaiis for cans ing the said eieinent to bodily travel with one oi the said members when the latter is moved. in one direction the first said means being adapted to engage one end of the said element to expand the latter to fr'ctionally retard. the relative movement of the said members, the second recited means co-operating with the other end oi the said element to restrain the movement of the last recited 'end of the element while the said element is being expanded, the second recited means including a friction creating device for cansing a portion of the said element to frie tionally grip one of the said members, and means for varying atwill the stress of the said friction creating device.

13 A. shock absorber including a pair of concentrically arranged members relatively. rotatable, an open band like element inter posed between said members, a projection carried by one of the members and operating in the space between the ends of the said. element and adapting said members for alimilcd i'roe idling relative movement, and means causing ti said element. to bodilyinove with one oi. ti o mcml e1 the said projection and one of the ends oi? said element being adapted to be brought into engagement to expand the said element to increase the degree of friction between the said element and one of the said .i'nei'nbers to retard the relative movement oi said members.

M. A shock absorber including a pair of concentricall a'ri'an "d members relatively rotatable, an open band like element interposed between said members, a projection car iccl by one of the members and. operating in the space between the ends of the ill) said element and adapting said members for alimited free idling relative movement,

means causing bhGiSBiC l. element adjacent meet to bodily more with one oi the incur, hers, means for varying at will the stress of the lastrecited means, the said projection 3. d the other end of the said element being adapted to be brought into engagement to expand the said element to increase the degree of friction between the body of the said element and one of the said members to retard the relative movement of the said inc nbers and While the tires recited end oii'said elementfrictionally grips one of the said members. i c I 15. A shock absorber including a pair of concentrically arranged members relatively rotatable, an open band like element interposed betwen said members; a projection carried by one of the 'rneinbers and operating in the space betwen tlie ends oiftbe ssid element'and adapting;- said members for limited free idling iiizlative movement, means causing the said. element adj-scent one end to bind) upon one of the said members with siifiicient frictionto cause the element to bodily move with, one of the members, means for varvitiw at Wiii the stress of the last recited mean; the said projection and. the other end of the ssiti eieinent beingsdepteci to be brongbt into engagement expend the stii element to increase the de gree of friction between the body of the said element and one oi" thesztid members to retard the relative-movement of the said members and while the first recited. end oi? said element frictionaiiy p5 one of the seid members, thestress oi the. first recite-2i means operating upon the said eiement in a direction transverse to the axis of "the-etement. 16. A. shock abserber including a pair concentrically arranged members relatively rotatable, an open ind like element interposed between said members, a. projection carried by one of the members and opereb ing in the space between the ends of said element and adapting". said members for a limited free idling movement, and resilient mid laterally (ieiiectabie means between the said members adjacent one end of the said element and operating to cause the said element to bodily move with one of the said members, the said projection and the other end of said element being adapted. to be y. is

one of the said members, thereby increasing the degree of friction of the said element with one of the said members to retard the relative movement of the said members.

17. i shock absorber including a pair of concentricsliy er'anged members relatively 'otetabie, an open band. like element interposed between said members, a projection carried by one of the members and operat ingin the space between (be ends of said element and adapting said members for a limited-free idling movement, resilient and laterally defiec't'able means between the said members adjacent one end of the said element and operating to cause the said elemerit to bodii move "with one of the said members, the said projection and tbe other Q f 4: in 10" r 4 b one o no e been e111, lie ap e 0 e brought into engagement to expand the elemen first recited end is moved with.

e LS the of t".e members, thereby increasing the degree of friction of the said. element with one o. the said. members to retard relative movement of the said. members, means for reietiv i movie the said mom bers in one direction, and means for reie-- ti'vely moving the members in the opposite direction.

18.. A shock absorber inciuding e stationary surface, member oseillziteble back and forth across said surface, means for imparting reietive movement to the said meme ber with respect to said surface and in one direction and against the stress of which means the said member is adapted to be relatively moved with respect to tire said surface in the opposite direction, A floating friction creating element contacting with the said surface and member, said element being bodily end freely movable with and with respect to said inen'iber, and e fixed :ibntmerit for arres the movement of said eiement with the said member to cause 21 relative an? frictions} movement of the said member and element one with i'QifltiOi} to the other.

In testimony whereof li lievc signed my name to this specification, bn this 19th day of Novemben A. D. 1924:.

EDW'ARB LFINBA (lH. 

